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Canadian Arctic Archipelago
The Canadian Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Arctic Archipelago, is a Canadian archipelago north of the Canadian mainland in the Arctic. Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about , this group of 36,563 islands comprises much of the territory of Northern Canada – most of Nunavut and part of the Northwest Territories.〔Marsh, James H., ed. 1988. "(Arctic Archipelago )" ''The Canadian Encyclopedia''. Toronto: Hurtig Publishers.〕 The Canadian Arctic Archipelago is showing some effects of global warming,〔(Thinning of the Arctic Sea-Ice Cover )〕〔(Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast )〕 with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute to the rise in sea levels by 2100.〔(''Canada’s ice shrinking rapidly; Melt from Arctic Archipelago will raise sea levels by 35 millimeters'' ) March 11, 2013 Science News〕
==History==
British claims on the islands were based on the explorations in the 1570s by Martin Frobisher. Canadian sovereignty, originally (1870–80) only over island portions that drained into Foxe Basin, Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait, over all of them was not established until the 1880 transfer by Britain to Canada of the remaining islands; the District of Franklin was established in 1895, which comprised almost all of the archipelago; the district was dissolved upon the creation of Nunavut in 1999. Canada claims all the waterways of the Northwestern Passages as Canadian Internal Waters; however the United States and most other maritime countries view these as international waters.〔(Northwest Passage gets political name change - Ottawa Citizen )〕 Disagreement over the passages' status has raised Canadian concerns about environmental enforcement, national security, and general sovereignty. Hans Island, in the Nares Strait east of Ellesmere Island, is a territory currently contested between Canada and Denmark.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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